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Aurangzeb

Emperor · Mughal · 17th–18th c.

6th Mughal Emperor (1618–1707). He seized the throne by eliminating his brothers and realised the largest territory in Indian subcontinent history. His strict governance based on Islamic law — destruction of Hindu temples, re-imposition of the jizya — made him the most controversial of Mughal emperors. His 49-year reign ended with the empire overextended and his death triggered its rapid fragmentation — the paradigmatic case of strength and brittleness combined.